Carbureter.



F. E. BOWBRSL OARBURETER. APPLIGATION FILED MAE.801908.

Patented July 4, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

P. E. BOWIERS.

OARBURETER. APPLIQATION FILED MAB..30,1908.

Patented July-4, 19 11.

2 SHEETS8HEET 2.

v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. FREDSON E. BOWERS, OF NEW'ITAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO THE GILBERT MANUFACTURING 00., 0F NEW.HAVEN, CONNECTICUT,-

A CORPORATION.

CARIBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 4, 1911.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDsoN E. Bownns, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Carbureters; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in

Figure 1 a view partly in elevation and partly in section of a carburetor provided with an air regulator and connected with a motor for operation thereby. Fig. 2 a plan view thereof. Fig. 3 a broken view 'thereof in vertical longitudinal section.

Fig. 4. a broken view in vertical section on the line a-b of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 a broken view in horizontal section on the line c-d of Fig. 4e.

My invention relates'to an improvement in carburetors for supplying internal combustion motors with' a combustible vapor mixture, the object being to mechanically utilize the speed of the motor for operating the supplemental air-valves of the carburetor instead of relying upon the suction produced by the motor for the same purpose and at the same time to provide for operating su lemental air-valves by suction when the engine is laboring, as in hill-climbing, and the speed is slow. I

With these ends in view my invention consists in'the combination, in a carbureter, with means for supplying a fixed amount of combustible vapor, of one or more supplemental air-valves, a mechanical regulator for the same, and means for driving the regulator from one of the running parts of the engine supplied with vapor by the carbureter.

My invention further consists in a carbureter having certain details of construction and combinations of parts as will be hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims. y

In practicing my invention, I may employ any ordinary carbureter and any ordinary motor.

ltn carrying out my invention as herein shown, I employ a centrifugal regulator comprising two weights 3 carried-by two upper links 4 and two lower links 5, the upper ends of the upper links being pivot- .ally connected with a head 6 mounted upon and revolving with the regulator-shaft 7 and the lower ends of. the lower links being pivoted to'a vertically movable head 8 mounted upon the said shaft 7 and connected therewith for revolution thereby by a pin 9 passing through a vertical slot. 10 therein. A helical spring 11 encircling the said shaft is interposed between the said head 8 and a collar 12 located adjacent to the head 6 and made vertically adjust-able on the shaft to vary the tension of the spring to suit the particular motor .with which the carbureter is used. The head 8 is provided at its lower end with a collar 13 formed with an annular groove 14: receiving shoes 15 pivotally mounted in the adjacent ends of the arms 16 of a lever-like yoke, these arms being connected by means of a brace 17. The shaft 7. has bearin'g at its upper and lower ends in the arms 18, 19, of a bracket 20 secured by screws 21 to the reservoir 2 of, the carbureter, the projecting lower end of the shaft being furnished with a plate-like key 22 entering a notch 23 in a coupling-head 24 on the end of a flexible shaft 25 connected at its opposite end with a pinion 26 meshmg into a; wheel 27 driven by the motor to which the vapor is supplied by the'carburotor. The motor is not shown, but is represented for the purposes of this case,by

means of the said wheel 27 and its shaft 28.

The-head 24 is held in engagement with the key 22 by means of a sleeve 29 internally threaded at its upper end for being screwed upon a threaded nipple 30 through which the lower end of the shaft 7 pro]ects and which is attached to the lower end of the bracket 20. The regulator shaft 7 will thereby be driven from the motor and the I check-nut 45.

each carrying an upper valve 36 fastened to it. by a-screw 36 and an independently movable double-acting lower'valve'37 resting upon a nut 37 applied to the extreme lower end of the stem, the said valves 36 and 37 being supplemental air-valves for the car hureter. A spring 41 encircling the lower end of each valve-sten'135 exerts a constant effort. to hold the lower valve 37 over an air-port 35) formed in a plug 40 entering the bottom of the reservoir 2 of the carbureter proper,vthe said port opening outward to the atmosphere, and inward to the concentric air-passage 38 of the carbureter. The upper valve 36 controls an. air-port 43 formed in the 'carbureter proper and open- .mg outward to the atmosphere and downward into the concentric air-passage 38 aforesaid. The said upper valves 36 are normally held upon their seats by the tension of the helicalspring 11 acting tl'1roi.1gh the lever-arms 16. Under the construction described, the upper supplemental air-valves 36 will never be lifted from their seats to admit air through the ports 40 except by the positive 'action of the centrifugal governor which will at the same time lift the doubleacting supplemental air-valves 37 from their seats. In otherwords, theupper valves 36 will never be operated without operating the valves 37 also, but inasmuch as the lower valves 37 are loosely mounted upon the valve-stems '35, "they are capable of being operated independently thereof by suction, for which reason I have descrlbed them as double-actingvalves. Their operation by suction will be referred to later 011-.

As shown, the carbureter proper consists of a reservoir 2 entered at the bottom by a centrally arranged adjustable gasolene needle-valve 44 provided with the usual The said reservoir 2 contains a'mixing-tube 46 rising through it and projecting above it, the space between the tube 46 and the top of the reservoir being closed in by a cap 47 held in place by a nut 48 screwed upon the tube 46. The upper end of the tube 46 is surmounted by a valvecase 49 containing a throttle-valve 50 oper ated by anoutwardly projecting arm or le ver 51. The gasolene needle-valve 44'enters a tubular spray-nozzle 52 rising within a,

cone 53 located within thelower end of the said mixing-tube 46 the upper end of which contains an upper cone 54 of hour-glass form. Within the said reservoir 2, I locate anfiannular float 55 encircling the mixing tube 46 and free to rise and fall with the rise and fall of gasolene in the reservoir 2 for controlling the inlet of the gasolene into the reservoir. For this latter purpose,I lo- 'catc, beneath the said float, an operatinglever the inner arm 56 of which partly embraces the mixing-tube 46 so as to be engaged by the lower face ofthe annular float supplemental air by 55. The said lever is hung upon a horizontal pivot 57 and formed with an outer arm 58 arranged to receive the downward thrust of a helical spring 59 surrounding the stem 60 of a gasolene inlet needle-valve 61 enter ing a plug-like valve seat 62 and controlling the inlet of gasolene into the reservoir 2, the valve 61 and its stem 60 being located midway between the two vertically arranged valve stems already described. A passage 63 conducts the gasolene from the reservoir 2 to the lower end of the spray-nozzle 52 its admission to which is regulated by the needle valve 44. When the gasolene falls sufficiently in the reservoir to permit the float 53 to engage with the lever arm 56, the weight of the float depresses the same, turning the lever on its pivot 57 and lifting its short outer arm 58 against the tension of the spring 49, whereby the needle-valve 61 is lifted from its seat 52 and gasolene allowed to flow freely into the reservoir 2 until the float has been lifted entirely away from the lever arm 56, after which the spring 59 asserts itself to depress the needle-valve 61 and so shut off the further inlet of gasolcnc through the valve seat 62. Tu this way by the rising and falling of the-float 55, the feeding ofthe gasolene into the reservoir 2 is controlled exactly in accordance with its consumption, which, as already explained, is regulated by the needle-valve 44.- The 1ieedle-\-'al\'e 44-and the spray-nozzle supply the fixed amount of vapor necessary for starting the motor and running it, though not for meeting the ordinary demands of usage upon it.

Before proceeding to a descrlption of the operation of my improvement, it may be stated that carbureters for supplying internal combustion motors with a combustible vapor mixture, have, as heretofore constructed, been operated as to the intake of the suction developed by the motor. The speed of the motor causes variations in the suction and therefore to a certain extent the motor may be relied upon to automatically .regulate the density and quantity of the mixture supplied to it. therefore" be relied upon to supply itself with combustible vapor of an approximately proper density and in an approximately proper quantity. Butpractically motors greatly vary in their suction-creating 'power according to the construction and conformation of their parts, to their condition at any particular time and to the inertia of their parts. Some motors on account of the construction and conformation of their parts produce better and more even suction than other motors, while the same motor will develop better and more even suction at one time than at other times according to the adjustment and condition of its parts. Fur- Theoretically a motor might ball-regulator of the carbureter.

thermore, the suction developed by all motors rises and falls with the movement of its piston so that even under the most favorable conditions the amount of suction developed by a motor and transmitted to a carbureter will. constantly fluctuate. On the other hand, my improvement does not make the amount of supplemental air supplied to the carbureter depend upon the suction developed by the motor, but rather upon the speed of the motor, a'running part of the motor being used to operate a ball-regulator which in turn operates the supplemental air-valves which are thus, in a sense, positively operated by the motor.

In the use of my improvement, the motor is started in the usual way and with it the The speed of the motor being increased or decreased in the usual Way by an opening or closing movement of the throttle of the carbureter, it follows that the speed of the ball-regulator will increase or decrease with the speed of the-motor with which it is connected. When the speed of the ball-regulator has passed the predetermined oint represented by the tension of the spring 11, the ballregulator will operate through the arms 16 to open the supplemental air-valves 36 and 37 and increase the amount of air supplied to the carbureter, whereby the volume of combustible vapor produced and supplied to the motor will be increased and consequently its richness decreased in approximately direct proportion to the increased speed of the motor. When the motor slows down the centrifugal force on the weights of the regulator will be correspondingly reduced and the valves 36 and 37 will be proportionately closed so as to reduce the amount of air taken into the carbureter through the valves 36 and 37, whereby the volume of the mixture is reduced and its richness increased. This automatic response of the carbureter in supplying to the motor a mixture adapted in density and quantity to the requirements of the motor at any given time is directly controlled by the speed of the motor and not by the suction developed by it. that the carbureter may not be deprived of suction as a means for increasing the amount of vapor supplied, the lower supplemental valves 37 are adapted, as already described, to respond to the action of suction by being made movable independent of the valve stems 35 whenever the suction passes the tension represented by the springs 41 so that in case the speed of the motor is so much reduced that the ball-regulator is practically nullified in its action, the suction developed by the motor may come into play for taking the place, so to speak, of the ball-regulator in increasing the volume ofvapor supplied to the motor. Suppose, for instance, that However, in order.

an automobile provided with my improved carbureter,is ascending a stiff grade at a slow speed with the throttle wide open. Under such circumstances, the action of the centrifugal regulator will be nullified on account of the slowspeed of the engine; but as the throttle is Wide open and as the-engine is laboring, the suction will be very strong, and this strong suction is, under my improvement, availed of-since it acts uponthe valves 37 to open them and admit the addi tional vapor required by the motor to do: its work in climbing the hill. On the other hand, if the engine is running at a high speed, the ball-regulator will be operated for positively lifting both the upper valves 36 and the lower valves 37 for admitting the necessary amount of vapor to the carbureter.

I claim':

1. In a carbureter, the combination with means for supplying a fixed amount of combustible vapor, of a supplemental air-valve operable by suction, a mechanical regulator connected with the said valve for the mechanical operation thereof, and means for driving the said regulator frdm one of the running parts of theengine supplied with vapor by the carbureter.

2. In a carbureter, the combination with means for supplying a fixed amount of combustible vapor, of a supplemental air-valyc.

operable by suction, a mechanical regulator organized independentof, but attached to the said carbureter, and connected with the said supplemental air-valve for the mechanical operation thereof, and means for driving the said regulator from one of the running parts of the engine supplied with vapor by the carbureter.

4;. In a carbureter, the combination with means for supplying a fixed amount of combustible vapor, of a supplemental air-valve operable by suction, a ball-regulator connected with the said valve for the mechanical operation thereof, and means for driving the said ball-regulator from one of the running parts of the engine supplied with vapor by the'carbureter.

' 5. In a carbiireter, the combination with means for supplying a fined amount of combustible vapor, of a sup lemental air-valve operable by suction, a ba l-rcgulator, a lever connecting the said re lator and valve for the mechanical operation of the same, and means for driving the regulator from one of? the running parts of the engine supplied with combustible vapor by the carbureter.

6.In a carbureter, the combination withable by suction, springs for the said lowervalves, a mechanical regulator, a lever conmeeting the said regulator With'the said valve-stems, and means for driving the regulator from-one of the running parts of the engine supplied with combustible vapor by the carbureter, whereby the carbureter is automatically supplied with additional combustible vapor proportionate to the speed of the engine, by the li'ftin of the said valve-stems under the contro of the regulator, and whereby the carbureter is supplied with additional combustible vapor proportionate to the amount of suction produced by the motor and acting upon the said lower valves. a

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification in the presenceof two subscribing witnesses.

FREDSON E. BOWERS. Witnesses:

FREDERIO C. EARLE, GEO. D. SEYMOUR. 

